近日，瑞士联邦森林、雪与景观研究所Antoine Cabon团队报道了对于从寒带到半干旱地区的针叶树而言，生长速率压倒了延长生长季带来的益处。2026年9月10日出版的《科学》杂志发表了这一最新研究成果。
气候变暖延长了热带外森林的生产季。然而，关于这是否会进而促进树木生长和森林碳固存，证据尚无定论。
研究组利用跨越北方针叶林至半干旱森林的针叶树木材形成细胞观测，量化了形成层生长速率与季节长度在驱动年细胞生产中的相对重要性，而年细胞生产是木质生长的关键过程。结果发现，速率是年细胞生产的主要驱动因素。
此外，尽管生长季随年温度升高而延长，但生长速率在约6°C时呈现最优值，超过该温度后，日益干燥的条件会损害木材产量的增益。因此，变暖对年内生长动态的负面影响可能在很大程度上抵消更长生长季对未来森林碳储量的益处。
附：英文原文
Title: Growth rate overrides the benefit of extended growing season from boreal to semiarid conifers
Author: Antoine Cabon, Patrick Fonti, Georg von Arx, Franco Biondi, J. Julio Camarero, Filipe Campelo, Marco Carrer, Katarina ufar, Henri Cuny, Annie Deslauriers, Marek Fajstavr, Marina Fonti, David Frank, Alessio Giovannelli, Andreas Gruber, Joica Griar, Vladimír Gryc, Aylin Güney, Minhui He, Petr Horáek, Jianguo Huang, Malcolm Hughes, Yuan Jiang, Hans-Peter Kahle, Gregory King, Alexander V. Kirdyanov, Elena Larysch, Xiaoxia Li, Eryuan Liang, Martín de Luis, Harri Mkinen, Edurne Martínez del Castillo, Sergei Mikhailov, Tobias Walter Miller, Kiyomi Morino, Cristina Nabais, Walter Oberhuber, Momchil Panayotov, Richard L. Peters, Peter Prislan, Sergio Rossi, Seyedehmasoumeh Saderi, Antonio Saracino, Luigi Saulino, Roberto Silvestro, Thomas Seifert, Anne Sophie Sergent, Dominik Florian Stangler, Marko Stojanovi, Vaclav Treml, Hanu Vavrík, Joana Vieira, Wenjin Wang, Gerhard Wieser, Bao Yang, Yiping Zhang, Emanuele Ziaco, Cyrille B. K. Rathgeber
Issue&Volume: 2026-09-10
Abstract: Climate warming lengthens the productive season in extratropical forests. Yet there is inconclusive evidence on whether this in turn elicits enhanced tree growth and forest carbon sequestration. In this study, we used cellular observations of conifer wood formation spanning boreal to semiarid forests to quantify the relative importance of cambial growth rate versus season length in driving annual cell production, the key process underlying woody growth. We found that rate is the primary driver of annual cell production. Furthermore, whereas the growing season lengthens with annual temperature, growth rate exhibited an optimum at ~6°C, beyond which increasingly dry conditions compromise wood production gains. The negative impact of warming on intra-annual growth dynamics can thus largely offset the benefit of longer growing season on future forest carbon storage.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aec8866
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aec8866