入侵性城市疟疾媒介斯氏按蚊威胁着非洲1.26亿城市居民。控制斯氏按蚊需要对其起源、入侵动态和杀虫剂抗性机制有更深入的了解。对来自非洲、中东和亚洲的645个全基因组样本的分析支持了一种入侵情景，即最初的引进南亚的引进在吉布提建立了一个桥头堡种群，这在苏丹、埃塞俄比亚-肯尼亚和也门播下了不同的入侵前线。这些入侵表现出不同的速度和传播路径，由景观拓扑形状决定。杀虫剂抗性主要由代谢解毒基因介导，抗性单倍型和拷贝数扩增从南亚引进。这些发现，以及伴随的基因组抗性，能够对斯氏按蚊的传播和耐药性进行基因组监测，以帮助控制策略。
附：英文原文
Title: The origin, history, and resistance architecture of an invasive urban malaria mosquito in Africa
Author: Tristan P. W. Dennis, Jihad Eltaher Sulieman, Mujahid Nouredayem, Temesgen Ashine, Yehenew Ebstie, Adane Eyasu, Eba A. Simma, Endalew Zemene, Nigatu Negash, Abena Yigeremu, Muluken Assefa, Hamza Elzack, Alemayehu Dagne, Biniam Lukas, Mikiyas Gebremichael Bulto, Michael C. Fontaine, Loc Talignani, Ahmadali Enayati, Fatemeh Nikpoor, Ashwaq M. Al-Nazawi, Mohammed H. Al-Zahrani, Bouh Abdi Khaireh, Samatar Guelleh, Abdoul-Ilah Ahmed Abdi, Richard Allan, Seline Omondi, Bernard Abong’o, Sylvia Milanoi, Eric Ochomo, Ayman Ahmed, Jeanne N. Samake, John E. Gimnig, Cristina Rafferty, Faisal Ashraf, Patricia Pignatelli, Marion Morris, Sanjay C. Nagi, Eric R. Lucas, Anastasia Hernandez-Koutoucheva, Chris S. Clarkson, Patricia Doumbe-Belisse, Adrienne Epstein, Rebecca Brown, Anne L. Wilson, Alison M. Reynolds, Ellie Sherrard-Smith, Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Endalamaw Gadisa, Elfatih Malik, Hmooda Toto Kafy, Martin J. Donnelly, David Weetman
Issue&Volume: 2026-06-25
Abstract: The invasive urban malaria vector Anopheles stephensi threatens 126 million city-dwellers in Africa. Controling An. stephensi requires greater understanding of its origin, invasion dynamics, and insecticide resistance mechanisms. Analysis of 645 whole genomes sampled across Africa, the Middle East, and Asia supports an invasion scenario in which an initial introduction South Asian introduction established a bridgehead population in Djibouti, which seeded distinct invasion fronts in Sudan, Ethiopia–Kenya, and Yemen. These incursions show contrasting rates and routes of spread shaped by landscape topology. Insecticide resistance is predominantly mediated by metabolic detoxification genes, with resistance haplotypes and copy-number amplifications introduced from South Asia. These findings, alongside a companion genomic resource, enable genomic surveillance of An. stephensi spread and resistance to aid control strategies.
DOI: adx6925
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adx6925