近日，沙特阿拉伯阿卜杜拉国王科技大学Cafer T. Yavuz团队制备了用于废弃物混合重整制燃料的工业级纳米晶 Ni-Mo-MgO催化剂。这一研究成果发表在2026年6月25日出版的《科学》杂志上。

降低烃类和废弃物碳排放的策略，必须克服与催化剂耐久性和废弃物预分选相关的挑战。利用二氧化碳（CO₂）重整低价值碳源，为将废物流转化为燃料和化学品提供了一条工业规模的途径。

研究组开发了一种单晶氧化镁镍钼合金纳米催化剂（NiMoCat），并将其制成适用于高压工业反应器的公斤级颗粒状。在加压CO₂条件下，脂肪烃（甲烷、正丁烷）和芳烃（苯、甲苯）反应生成定量合成气，未发生甲烷化反应或生成丁二烯、多环芳烃等非预期氧化副产物。

放大制备的NiMoCat在长期运行中保持活性，并可实现两步法工艺：先将未经分选的废弃物气化，然后在真实烟气或CO₂气流中进行混合重整。对沼气制二甲醚路线的详细生命周期分析表明，该策略可实现与现有燃料和化学品基础设施兼容的可扩展且可持续的CO₂利用。

附：英文原文

Title: Industrial-scale nanocrystalline Ni–Mo–MgO catalysts for hybrid reforming of waste to fuels

Author: Seok-Jin Kim, Raghu V. Maligal-Ganesh, Javeed Mahmood, Phil Woong Kang, Aadesh Harale, Abdulrahman S. AlSuhaibani, Qingyuan Hu, Ammar H. Alahmed, Aqil Jamal, Rukaiyat Suleiman, Husain Baaqel, Mert Atilhan, S. Mani Sarathy, Cafer T. Yavuz

Issue&Volume: 2026-06-25

Abstract: Strategies for lowering carbon emissions from hydrocarbons and waste must overcome the challenges related to catalyst durability and the presorting of waste. Reforming low-value carbon sources with carbon dioxide (CO2) offers an industrial-scale pathway for recycling waste streams into fuels and chemicals. We developed a nickel-molybdenum alloy nanocatalyst on single-crystalline magnesium oxide (NiMoCat) in pellet form on a kilogram scale suitable for high-pressure industrial reactors. Aliphatic hydrocarbons (methane, n-butane) and aromatics (benzene, toluene) under pressurized CO2 yielded quantitative syngas without methanation or undesired oxidative by-products, such as butadiene or polyaromatics. Scaled-up NiMoCat maintains activity during long-term operation and enables a two-step process involving gasification of unsorted waste followed by hybrid reforming under realistic flue gas or CO2 flow. A detailed life-cycle analysis of biogas-to-dimethyl ether conversion showcases a scalable, sustainable CO2 utilization compatible with current fuel and chemical infrastructures.

DOI: adp5208

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adp5208